【巴沙体育APP官方版本】双语科技百科(近现代成就) 第90期:中国第一台计算机的诞生

本文摘要：The Birth of the First Computer中国第一台计算机的问世In the mid-50th century, though the Chinese computing technology was only one or two years later than Japan, after all, but it has been a decade later from the emergence of worlds first computer. The unanimous opinion is to learn and master the Soviet Unions technology first, on this basis, according to Chinas specific conditions, to carry out their own research, that is, innovation ofter imitation, imitation for innovation. 上个世纪50年代中期，中国的计算技术虽然只比日本晚一两年，但却是距世界上第一台电子计算机的经常出现早已晚了十年。

The Birth of the First Computer中国第一台计算机的问世In the mid-50th century, though the Chinese computing technology was only one or two years later than Japan, after all, but it has been a decade later from the emergence of worlds first computer. The unanimous opinion is to learn and master the Soviet Unions technology first, on this basis, according to Chinas specific conditions, to carry out their own research, that is, innovation ofter imitation, imitation for innovation. 上个世纪50年代中期，中国的计算技术虽然只比日本晚一两年，但却是距世界上第一台电子计算机的经常出现早已晚了十年。大家完全一致的意见是：再行自学掌控苏联有数的技术，在此基础上，再行根据我国的具体条件，积极开展自己的研究工作，即“再行仿造后创意，仿造为了创意”。

In September 1956, China sent a delegation of computing technology to the Soviet Union. Min Naida is the head, deputy head Wang Zheng, fifteen members including Wu Jikang, Fan Xinbi, Xia Peisu, and so on. The former Soviet Union reception unit is the Soviet Academy of Sciences, Preasion Machinery and Computing Technology Institute . In two months, computing technology research, production and education of Moscow, Leningrad were studied respectively, with an emphasis on the M-20 computer.1956年9月，我国派遣回国苏计算机技术考察团。团长闵乃大，副团长王正，团员有吴几康、范新弼、夏培肃等15人。

前苏联方面的招待单位是苏联科学院精密机械与计算技术研究所。在两个多月的时间里，考察团分别对莫斯科、列宁格勒两地的计算技术的科研、生产与教育展开了实地考察，并重点对M-20计算机展开了自学。In April 1957, by the government, China ordered a M-3 computer and B3CM computer drawings information. On the basis of study and drawings information, the development work started. Led by Zhang Zichang and Mo Gensheng, M-3 ( code 103) Computer Engineering Group was organized. Through the efforts of all staff, in close collaboration with Beijing cable plant, Chinas first digital computer successfully developed on August l,1958. This tube computer with computing speed of 30 times per second filled in our modern electronic computer blank.1957年4月，我国政府采购了M-3计算机和E3CM计算机图纸资料。

在实地考察和获得图纸资料的基础上，研制工作开始了。以张梓昌、莫根生派，的组织了M-3（代号103）计算机工程组。通过全体研制人员的希望和北京有线电厂的密切配合，于1958年8月1日研制成功了我国第一台数字电子计算机。

这台运算速度为每秒30次的电子管计算机，空缺了我国现代电子计算机的空白。

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